In this article ,we have discussed the chapter 5 Outcomes of democracy class 10 ncert civics which is as per the latest syllabus of Class 10th SST syllabus for board exams 2024-25.Outcomes of democracy class 10 Civics Notes are elaborately explained to cover every topic of this chapter Outcomes of Democracy
Class 10 SST Chapter 5 Outcomes of Democracy Notes
Chapter 5 Outcomes of Democracy Class 10 Notes includes topics; Assessment of democracy, outcomes of democracy in various aspects to promote social equality, economic equality and political equality by inculcating different features-Accountable, responsive and legitimate government , economic growth and development, poverty and inequality, accomodation of social diversity and dignity and freedom of citizens.
How Do We Assess Democracy’s Outcomes?
Democracy is a better form of government than dictatorship in the following respects:
•Promotes equality among citizens.
•Enhances the dignity of the individual.
•Improves the quality of decision-making.
•Provides a method to resolve conflicts.
•Allows room to correct mistakes
Reason to favour Democracy
•Democracy is seen to be good in principle, but not so good in its practice. It means democracy is favoured on moral grounds,not on prudential reasons.
•Democracies have formal constitutions, they hold elections, they have parties and they guarantee rights of citizens.
Democracy can address all socio-economic and political problems. If some of our expectations are not met, we start blaming the idea of democracy.
•Democracy is just a form of government. It can only create conditions for achieving something. the citizens have to take advantage of those conditions and achieve those goals
Accountable, Responsive and Legitimate Government
•The most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.
•Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. So, some delay is possible in decisions but its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more effective. So, the cost of time that democracy pays is perhaps worth it.
•Democracy ensures that decision making will be based on norms and procedures. So, a citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken through the correct procedures can find this out. She has the right and the means to examine the process of decision making. This Is known as transparency.
•regular, free and fair elections; open public debate on major policies and legislations; and citizens’ right to information about the government and its functioning are the expected outcomes that people expect in democracy.
•Demo-cratic government is legitimate government. It may be slow, less efficient, not always very responsive or clean. But a democratic government is people’s own government.
Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored.
That is why, there is an overwhelming support for the idea of democracy all over the world.
Economic Growth and Development
Statistical evidence shows that in practice, many democracies have not achieved more economic growth than those countries which are non-democratic (dictatorship) but it is not only economic growth that is considered while adopting a particular form of government.
Economic growth depends on several factors:
•the country’s population size
•global situation
• cooperation from other countries
•economic priorities adopted by the country, etc.
So, democracy is preferred as it has several positive outcomes except economic growth
Reduction of inequality and Poverty
Economic growth is not only the criteria to favour democracy but it is also seen that income inequalities is reduced with the increase in national income or not.
As political equality is achieved, economic equality should be favoured by govt so that distribution of national income is more in favour of poor so they can fulfill their basic needs like food, education, safe drinking water and health etc.In reality major proportion of national income rest with ultra rich family.
Accommodation of Social Diversity
•Democracies generally develop a procedure to conduct their competition that help to reduces the possibility of these tensions becoming explosive or violent.
•Social conflicts can’t be resolved permanently but we can certainly learn to respect these social differences of different social groups and evolve mechanisms to negotiate these differences. Democracy creates the conditions to accommodate social diversity .
•Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic system It is done in several ways.
•The majority always needs to work with the minority so that governments function to represent the general view.
•rule by majority does not become rule by majority community in terms of religion or race or linguistic group
Dignity and Freedom of Citizens
•Every individual expects to receive respect from fellow beings and the passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy and democracies throughout the world have recognised this, at least in principle.
•For societies which have been built for long on the basis of subordination and domination, it is not a simple matter to recognise that all individuals are equal.
•Most societies across the world were historically male dominated societies and respect and equality of women is an important feature of democratic system and it could be achieved in principle and has legal basis but not in non democratic regimes.
•Expectations from democracy also function as the criteria for judging any democratic country.
•When we ask people about the way democracy functions, they will always come up with more expectations, and many complaints. The fact that people are complaining is itself a testimony to the success of democracy.
Class 10 SST ncert outcomes of democracy notes